1. after protasis in opt. with eij or some relative word, ei[ moiv ti pivqoio, tov ken polu; kevrdion ei[h if he should obey me, it would be much better, Ib.; sometimes with ind. in protasis, kaiv nuv ken e[nqÆ ajpovloito, eij mh; novhse he would have perished, had she not perceived, Ib.:sometimes the tense in protasis is pres. or fut. , and the opt. with a[n in apodosi = fut. , frouvrion eij poihvsontai, blavptoien a[n if they shall build a fort, they might perhaps damage, Thuc.
2. the protasis is often understood: to;n dÆ ou[ ke du[ ajnevre ojclivsseian two men could not heave the stone (i.e. if they should try), Il.:hence the opt. with a[n becomes a potential mood, bouloivmhn a[n I should like, Lat. velim (but ejboulovmhn a[n I should wish, if it were of any avail, vellem ).
3. the opt. with a[n comes to have the force of a mild command or entreaty, cwroi`" a]n ei[sw you may go in, Soph. ; kluvoi" a]n h[dh hear me now, Id.
IV.
with
inf.
and
part.
:the
pres. inf.
or
part.
represents
impf. ind
.,
fhsi;n aujtou;" ejleuqevrou" a]n ei\nai, eij tou`to e[praxan
he says they
would
(now) be free, if they had done this,
Dem.
;
ajdunavtwn a]n o[ntwn »uJmw`n1/4 ejpibohqei`n
when you
would
have been unable to assist,
Thuc.
;or represents
pres. opt
.,
fhsi;n aujtou;" ejleuqevrou" a]n ei\nai, eij tou`to pravxeian
he says they
would
(hereafter) be free,
if they should do this,
Xen
.;the
aor. inf.
or
part.
represents
aor. indic.
or
opt.
,
oujk a]n hJgei`sqÆ aujto;n ka]n ejpidramei`n
; do you not think he
would
even have run thither?
Dem.
;
oujdÆ a]n krath`sai aujtou;" th`" gh`" hJgou`mai
I think they
would
not even be masters of the land,
Thuc.
;
ou[te o[nta ou[te a]n genovmena
,
i.e.
things which are not and never could happen,
Id.:so the
pf.
(or
plqpf.
)
inf.
or partic.,
pavnta tau`qÆ uJpo; tw`n barbavrwn a]n eJalwkevnai »fhvseien a[n1/4
he would say that all these
would
have been destroyed by the barbarians,
Dem.
C. with impf. and aor. indic. in the I TERATIVE construction, to express a condition fulfilled whenever an opportunity offered; ei\ta pu`r a]n ouj parh`n then there would be no fire at hand, i.e. there never was, Soph. ; dihrwvtwn a]n aujtou;" tiv levgoien Plat.
D.
G
ENERAL
R
EMARKS
:
I.
Position of
a[n
,
1.
a[n
may be separated from its
inf.
by such verbs as
oi[omai, dokevw
, so that
a[n
has the appearance of belonging to the
pres. indic
.,
kai; nu`n hJdevw" a[n moi dokw` koinwnh`sai
I think that I
should,
Xen
.:in the peculiar case of
oujk oi\dÆ a]n eij, a[n
belongs not to
oi\da
but to the Verb which follows,
oujk oi\dÆ a]n eij peivsaimi
=
oujk oi\da eij peivsaimia[n
,
Eur.
2.
a[n
never begins a sentence.
II.
Repetition of
a[n
:in apodosis
a[n
may be repeated with the same verb,
w{stÆ a[n, eij sqevno" lavboimi, dhlwvsaimÆ a[n
Soph.
a[n
a[n »a<Eth>1/4 , Att. Conj., = ejavn, h[n , often in Plat. , etc. ; cf. ka[n .
a{n
a{n , crasis for a} a[n , quaecunque, Soph.
ajn
ajn , poët. for ajnav before d , etc. , v. ajnav A; cf. ajm .
a[n
a[n , apocop. for a[na , v. ajnav F. 2.