1. with Verbs of Rest, upon or on, kei`sqai ejpi; cqonov" Il.; ejfÆ i{ppou on horse-back, etc. ; ejpi; gh`" upon earth, Soph. ; ejpÆ ajgrou` in the country, Od.; also at or near, ejpi; Lhvmnou off Lemnos, Hdt. , etc. :—with Verbs of motion, the sense is pregnant, ejpÆ hjpeivroio e[russan drew the ship upon the land and left it there, Il., etc. ; ajnabh`nai ejpi; tw`n puvrgwn Xen.
2. not strictly of Place, mevnein ejpi; th`" ajrch`" to remain in the command, Id.; ejpi; tw`n pragmavtwn engaged in business, Dem. :—of ships, oJrmei`n ajgkuvra" to ride at (i.e. in dependence on an) anchor, Hdt.
3. with the person. and reflex. Pron., ejfÆ uJmeivwn by yourselves, Il.; ejfÆ auJtou` by himself, Thuc. ; aujto;" ejfÆ eJautou` Xen.
4.
with numerals, to denote the
depth
of a body of soldiers,
ejpi; tettavrwn
four
deep,
Id.;
ejpÆ ojlivgwn
i.e. in a long thin file, Id.;
ejfÆ eJnov"
in
single file, Id.
5.
c.
gen.
pers.
before, in presence of,
Lat.
coram
,
ejpi; pavntwn
Dem.
6.
with Verbs of observing, in,
oJra`n ti ejpiv tino"
Xen.
7.
of motion
towards,
protrevponto ejpi; nhw`n
Il.;
plei`n ejpi; Civou
to sail
for
Chios,
Hdt.
;
hJ ejpi; Babulw`no" oJdov"
the road
leading to
B.,
Xen.
II.
of Time,
in the time of,
ejpi; protevrwn ajnqrwvpwn
Il.;
ejpi; Kuvrou
Hdt
.;
ejpÆ ejmou`
in
my time, Id.
III.
in various Causal senses:
1.
over,
of persons in authority,
oJ ejpi; tw`n oJplitw`n, oJ ejpi; tw`n iJppevwn
Dem
.;
oJ ejpi; th`" dioikhvsew"
the paymaster, Id.
2.
keklh`sqai ejpiv tino"
to be called
after
him,
Hdt.
;
hJ ejpÆ jAntalkivdou eijrhvnh kaloumevnh
Xen.
3.
of occasions, and the like,
ejpi; pavntwn
on
all occasions,
Dem.
; so in phrases which became adverbial,
ejpÆ i[sh"
(
sc.
moivra"
)
equally,
Soph.
B.
WITH DAT.
:
I.
of Place,
upon,
e{xesqai ejpi; divfrw/
Il.:—with Verbs of Motion, Ib.; in pregnant construction,
pevtontai ejpÆ a[nqesin
fly
on to
the flowers
and settle there,
Ib.:—
at
or
near,
ejpi; quvrh/si
Ib.:—
on
or
over,
ejpÆ jIfidavmanti
over
the body of Iphidamas, Ib.
2.
in hostile sense,
against,
Hdt.
3.
towards, in reference to,
ejpi; pa`si
Il.;
novmon tivqesqai ejpiv tini
to make a law
for his case,
whether
for
or
against,
Plat.
4.
of accumulation,
upon, after,
o[gcnh ejpÆ o[gcnh/
one pear
after
another, Od.
5.
in addition to,
ejpi; toi`si
besides,
ejpi; touvtoi"
Att.
6.
of position,
after, behind,
of soldiers,
Xen.
7.
in dependence upon, in the power of,
Lat.
penes
,
ejpiv tiniv ejsti
‘tis
in
his
power
to do,
c. inf
.,
Hdt.
;
to; ejpÆ ejmoiv
as far as is
in
my
power,
Xen.
8.
of condition or circumstances, Il.,
etc.
;
ejpi; tw`/ parovnti
Thuc.
II.
of Time,
ejpi; nuktiv
by
night, Il.;
aijei; ejpÆ h[mati
every day, Od.
2.
after,
e{kth/ ejpi; dekavth/
or
th`/ e{kth/ ejpi; devka
,
on
the 16th of the month, ap.
Dem.
;
ta; ejpi; touvtoi"
,
Lat.
quod superest
,
Thuc
.;
toujpi; tw`/de
Eur.
III.
in various Causal senses:
1.
of the
occasion
or
cause,
ejpi; soiv
for
thee, Il.;
mevga fronei`n ejpiv tini
to be proud
at
or
of
a thing,
Plat.
;
ajganaktei`n ejpiv tini
Xen.
2. of an end or purpose, ejpi; dovrpw/ for supper, Od.; ejpi; kakw`/ for mischief, Hdt. ; dh`sai ejpi; qanavtw/
Id., Xen. ; ejpÆ ejxagwgh`/ for exportation, Hdt.
3. of the condition upon which a thing is done, ejpi; touvtoi" on these terms, Id.; ejfÆ w|/ or ejfÆ w|/te on condition that, Id.; ejpi; oujdeniv on no account, Id.; ejpÆ i[sh/ kai; oJmoiva/ on fair and equal terms, Thuc.
4. of price, e[rgon televsai megavlw/ ejpi; dwvrw/ Il.; ejpi; povsw/ ; Plat. ; ejpÆ ajrgurivw/ Dem .; of the