1.
of Place,
mecri qavlassh"
Il.;
m. th`" povlew"
Thuc.
2.
of Time,
tevo mevcri"
; i.e.
tinov" mevcri crovnou
; Lat.
quousque
?
how long? Il.; so,
mevcri ou|
;
mevcri o{sou
; Hdt.; with the Art.,
to; m. ejmeu`
up to
my time, Id.
3.
of Measure or Degree,
m. sou` dikaivou
so far as
consists with right, Thuc.;
m. tou` dunatou`
Plat.
4.
with Numbers,
up to, about, nearly,
sometimes without altering the case of the Subst.,
mevcri triavkonta e[th
Aeschin.
5.
in Ion.,
mevcri ou|
is sometimes used like the simple
mevcri, mevcri ou| ojktw; puvrgwn
Hdt.
III.
as a Conjunct.
so long as, until,
mevcri me;n w{reon
, with
dev
in apodosi, Id.;
m. skovto" ejgevneto
Xen.
2. mevcri a[n foll. by the subj., Id.; so without a[n, m. tou`to i[dwmen Hdt.
mhv, M vH
M vH , not, is the negative of thought, as ouj of statement, i.e. mhv says that one thinks a thing is not, ouj that it is not. The same differences hold for all compds. of mhv and ouj .
A.
mhv
in I
NDEPENDENT
sentences,
1.
with Imperat.,
mhv mÆ ejrevqize
do
not
provoke me, Il.;
mhv ti" ajkousavtw
let
not
any one hear, Od.
2.
with Subj.
mh; dhv mÆ ejavsh/"
Il.;
mh; i[omen
(Ep. for
i[wmen
) Ib.;
mh; pavqwmen
Xen.
3.
with Opt. to express a wish that a thing may not happen,
a} mh; kraivnoi tuvch
which may fortune
not
bring to pass, Aesch.:—also in wishes that refer to past time and therefore cannot be fulfilled,
mhv potÆ w[felon lipei`n
Soph.
4. in vows and oaths, where ouj might be expected, i[stw Zeu;" mh; me;n toi`" i{ppoisin ajnh;r ejpochvsetai a[llo" Zeus be my witness, not another man shall ride on these horses, Il.; ma; th;nÆAfrodivthn, mh; ejgwv sÆ ajfhvsw Ar.
5.
with Infin., used as Imperat.,
mh; dhv moi ajpovproqen ijscevmen i{ppou"
Il.
B.
In D
EPENDENT
clauses:
1.
with Final Conjunctions,
i{na mhv, o{pw" mhv, w{" mhv, o[fra
,
that not,
Lat.
ne
,
Il., Att.:—
mhv
often stands alone =
i{na mhv
, Hom., Att.
2. in the protasis of conditional sentences, after eij (Ep. aij ) , ei[ ke ( ai[ ke ) , eij a[n, h[n, ejavn , 185 n , Lat. nisi , Hom., etc.;—so, o{te mhv = eijmhv ; etc.
3. in relat. clauses, when they imply a condition or supposition, levgonqÆ a} mh; dei` such things as one ought not, Soph.; lovgoi" toiouvtoi" oi|" su; mh; tevryei kluvwn Id.
4.
with Infin., always except when the Inf. represents Indic. or Opt., as in
oratio obliqua.
5.
with Participle, when it can be resolved into a conditional clause,
mh; ajpeneivka"
=
eij mh; ajphvneike
Hdt.;
mh; qevlwn
=
eij mh; qevlei"
, Aesch.; so in a general sense,
divdaskev mÆ wJ" mh; eijdovta
=
ut qui nihil sciam,
Soph.
6.
with abstract Nouns as with Partic.,
ta; mh; divkaia
=
a} a]n mh; h\/ divkaia
, Aesch.;
to; mh; kalovn
Soph.;
hJ mh]mpeiriva
=
to; mh; e[cein ejmpeirivan
, want of experience, Ar.
7.
after Verbs expressing
fear
or
apprehension
(cf.
mh; ouj
):
a.
when the thing feared is fut., with pres. Subj., I fear he may persuade thee, Il.
b.
with Opt. for Subj., according to the sequence of moods and tenses, Hom., etc.
c.
when the action is present or past, the Indic. is used,
fobouvmeqa mh; hJmarthvkamen
we fear we have made a mistake, Thuc.
8.
without a Verb to express hesitation,
perhaps,
mh; ajgroikovteron h\/ to; ajlhqe;" eijpei`n
Plat.
C.
In Q
UESTIONS
:
I.
Direct questions,
a.
with Ind., implying a negat. answer,
surely not, you don‘t mean to say that,
Lat.
num
?
whereas with
ouj
an affirm. answer is expected, Lat.
nonne
?
a\rÆ ouj tevqnhke
;
surely he is dead, is he not?
a\ra mh; tevqnhke
;
surely he is not dead, is he?:
—when
ouj
and
mhv
appear in consecutive clauses, each negat. retains its proper force,
ouj si`gÆ ajnevxei mhde; deilivan ajrei`"
;
will you not be
silent, and
will you be
cowardly? i.e. be silent